Application of ion-engineered Persian Gulf seawater in EOR: effects of different ions on interfacial tension, contact angle, zeta potential, and oil recovery
نویسندگان
چکیده
Abstract In this study, we initially performed interfacial tension (IFT) tests to investigate the potential of using Persian Gulf seawater (PGSW) as smart water with different concentrations NaCl, KCl, MgCl 2 , CaCl and Na SO 4 . Next, for each salt, at concentration where IFT was minimum, conducted contact angle, zeta potential, micromodel flooding tests. The results showed that is minimized if NaCl or KCl removed from PGSW; thus, solutions lacking values were obtained 26.29 26.56 mN/m, respectively. Conversely, in case divalent ions, minimum occurred when PGSW increased. Specifically, a threefold rise further reduced compared optimal It should be mentioned eliminating resulted lowest value adding removing other ions. Whereas removal caused angle decrease 91.0° 67.8° relative changed surface wettability weakly water-wet, did not considerably change such it only led nine-degree reduction left same neutral-wet condition. At an increase could water-wet. For concentrations, rock have slightly higher negative charges, increasing ions small charge surface. indicated NaCl-free raise oil recovery by 10.12% PGSW. Furthermore, tripled, increased 7.34% Accordingly, depending on conditions, possible use so enhance efficiency three times.
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Petroleum Science
سال: 2021
ISSN: ['1672-5107', '1995-8226']
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12182-020-00541-y